When the weather has been dry for long periods, the bacteria decompose more slowly. When moisture and rain return, the bacteria begin to decompose at their usual rate again, which causes the strong smell of petrichor.
However, in high concentrations, the petrichor smell can cause unpleasant symptoms like nausea or headaches. It is interesting to note that the human nose is incredibly sensitive to geosmin, capable of detecting it at concentrations as low as 5 parts per trillion. To put that in perspective, sharks can smell blood at concentrations of one part per million.
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Alongside petrichor, the name given to the smell produced by geosmin, the earthy odor associated with fresh rainfall on dry ground also includes ozone and certain plant oils. These oils are released by the rain and absorbed into the soil around the plants, intensifying the earthy fragrance. When rain hits dry earth, geosmin is released in the form of aerosols that can travel vast distances. This is why we are sometimes able to smell rain before it falls, and is the source of the common expression:
The drier and more porous the soil, the more intense the smell of petrichor.
From pollens that cause sneezing to harmful pollutants such as oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, the air we breathe contains dozens of chemicals and compounds, dusts and particulate matter.
The more we understand about the composition of the air, the stronger the case becomes for the use of high-quality filters to protect human health and to make all our lives more enjoyable, at home, at work, and while driving, which makes the use of high-performance air filters, such as micronAir, even more important.